Tijaabada dhiiga guud iyo kiimikaad ee eeyaha: kala saarida tilmaamayaasha
Contents
Noocyada baaritaanka dhiigga ee eeyaha
Waxaa jira noocyo badan oo baaritaanno ah iyo tirada dhiigga ee eeyaha, waxaan ka wada hadli doonaa kuwa ugu muhiimsan: falanqaynta guud ee bukaan-socodka (CCA) iyo baaritaanka dhiigga biochemical (BC). Takhtar khibrad leh, isbarbardhigga taariikhda iyo natiijooyinka baaritaanka, ayaa go'aamin kara jihada loo dooranayo cudurka iyo sida loo caawiyo bukaanka.
Falanqaynta guud
Tirada dhiigga ee eeyaha oo dhammaystiran waxay muujin doontaa calaamadaha caabuqa, xoojinta habka bararka, xaaladaha dhiig-yarida iyo cilladaha kale ee aan caadiga ahayn.
Qodobbada ugu waaweyn:
Hematocrit (Ht) - boqolkiiba unugyada dhiigga cas ee la xidhiidha mugga dhiigga. Mar kasta oo unugyada dhiigga cas ee dhiigga ku jira bataan, tusahani wuu sarreeyaa. Tani waa calaamadda ugu weyn ee dhiig-yarida. Kor u kaca hematocrit caadi ahaan ma qaado muhiimad caafimaad, halka hoos u dhaciisuna yahay calaamad xun.
Hemoglobin (Hb) - ka kooban borotiinno ka kooban erythrocytes iyo ogsijiinta xidha. Sida hematocrit, waxay door weyn ka ciyaartaa ogaanshaha dhiig-yarida. Kordhinteedu waxay muujin kartaa yaraanta ogsijiinta.
Unugyada dhiigga cas (RBC) - Unugyada dhiigga cas ayaa mas'uul ka ah qaadista ogsijiinta iyo walxaha kale waana kooxda ugu badan ee unugyada dhiigga. Nambarkoodu wuxuu si dhow ula xiriiraa tusaha haemoglobin-ka wuxuuna leeyahay muhiimad caafimaad oo isku mid ah.
Leukocytes (WBC) - Unugyada dhiiga cad waxay mas'uul ka yihiin difaaca, la dagaallanka caabuqyada. Kooxdan waxaa ku jira dhowr nooc oo unugyo ah oo leh shaqooyin kala duwan. Saamiga noocyada kala duwan ee leukocytes ee midba midka kale waxaa loo yaqaan leukogram waxayna muhiimad caafimaad oo sare u leedahay eeyaha.
Neutrophils - waa kuwo aad u guura, awood u leh inay ka gudbaan caqabadaha unugyada, ka tagaan dhiigga waxayna awood u leeyihiin inay phagocytosis (nuugto) wakiilada ajnabiga ah sida fayrasyada, bakteeriyada, protozoa. Waxaa jira 2 kooxood oo neutrophils ah. Mindi - neutrophils aan qaan-gaarin, waxay hadda galeen dhiigga. Haddii lambarkooda la kordhiyo, markaa jidhku si xoog leh ayuu uga falceliyaa cudurka, halka tirada badan ee noocyada kala duwan ee neutrophils ay muujin doonaan koorsada joogtada ah ee cudurka.
Eosinophils - koox yar oo unugyo waaweyn ah, ujeedada ugu weyn ee taas oo ah dagaalka ka dhanka ah dulin unugyo badan. Kordhitaankoodu wuxuu had iyo jeer muujiyaa duulaanka dulin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, heerkooda caadiga ah macnaheedu maaha in xayawaanku aanu lahayn dulin.
Basophils - unugyo mas'uul ka ah falcelinta xasaasiyadda iyo dayactirkeeda. Eeyaha, basophils aad bay u kordhaan, si ka duwan dadka, xitaa haddii ay jirto xasaasiyad.
Monocytes - unugyo waaweyn oo awood u leh inay ka baxaan dhiigga oo galaan meel kasta oo barar ah. Waxay yihiin qaybta ugu muhiimsan ee malaxda. Waxaa batay sepsis (bakteeriya soo gasha dhiiga).
Lymphocytes - Waxay mas'uul ka yihiin difaac gaar ah. Markay la kulmeen caabuq, waxay "xusuutaan" cudur-sidaha waxayna bartaan inay la dagaallamaan. Korodhkoodu wuxuu muujin doonaa habka faafa, waxay sidoo kale kordhin karaan kansarka. Hoos u dhac ayaa ka hadli doona difaaca jirka, cudurada dhuuxa lafta, fayrasyada.
Platelets - unugyo aan nukliyeer ahayn, oo shaqada ugu weyni ay tahay joojinta dhiigbaxa. Had iyo jeer waxay u kici doonaan dhiig lumin, qaab magdhow ah. Waxay u yarayn karaan laba sababood: ama si xad dhaaf ah ayaa lumay ( sunta xinjirowga dhiigga, dhiig-baxa, caabuqyada), ama ma dhismin ku filan (burooyin, cudurrada dhuuxa, iwm.). Laakiin inta badan si khaldan ayaa loo dhayalsadaa haddii xinjir dhiig ahi uu ku dhex samaysmay tuubada tijaabada (farshaxanka cilmi-baadhista).
Falanqaynta biochemical
Biochemistry ee dhiigga eyga ayaa kaa caawin doona in la go'aamiyo ama soo jeediyo cudurrada xubnaha shakhsi ahaaneed, laakiin si sax ah loo ogaado natiijooyinka, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad fahamto nuxurka tilmaame kasta.
Qodobbada ugu waaweyn:
Albumen waa borotiin fudud, biyo-milmi kara. Waxay ku lug leedahay tiro aad u badan oo geeddi-socod ah, laga bilaabo nafaqeynta unugga ilaa gaadiidka fitamiinada. Kordhinteedu ma laha muhiimad caafimaad, halka hoos u dhaca ay muujin karto cudurro halis ah oo leh luminta borotiinka ama xadgudubka dheef-shiid kiimikaad.
ALT (alanine aminotransferase) Enzyme laga helo inta badan unugyada jidhka. Qadarkeeda ugu badan waxaa laga helaa unugyada beerka, kelyaha, wadnaha iyo murqaha muruqyada. Tilmaamuhu wuxuu kordhiyaa cudurrada xubnahaas (gaar ahaan beerka). Waxa kale oo ay dhacdaa ka dib dhaawac (sababtoo ah dhaawaca muruqa) iyo inta lagu jiro hemolysis (burburka unugyada dhiigga cas).
AST (aspartate aminotransferase) - enzyme, sida ALT, oo ka kooban beerka, muruqyada, myocardium, kelyaha, unugyada dhiigga cas, iyo derbiga mindhicirka. Heerkeedu wuxuu had iyo jeer la xidhiidha heerka ALT, laakiin myocarditis-ka, heerka AST wuxuu noqon doonaa mid ka sarreeya heerka ALT, maadaama AST ay ku jirto qadar weyn oo ah myocardium.
Alpha amylase β waa enzim laga soo saaro xameetida (PZh), si loo burburiyo karbohaydraytyada. Amylase, sida tilmaame, waxay leedahay muhiimad caafimaad oo yar. Waxay ka soo gashaa dhiigga duodenum, siday u kala horreeyaan, kororkeeda waxaa laga yaabaa inay la xiriirto kororka qulqulka mindhicirka halkii ay ka heli lahayd cudurrada beeryarada.
Bilirubin waa midab laga helo bile. Kordhinta cudurrada nidaamka hepatobiliary. Marka ay korodho, xuubka xabka ayaa qaata hooska icteric (icteric).
GGT (gamma-glutamyl transferase) β enzyme laga helo unugyada beerka, beeryarada, qanjirka naasaha, beeryarada, xiidmaha, laakiin aan laga helin myocardium iyo murqaha. Korodhka heerkiisu wuxuu muujin doonaa dhaawac soo gaadhay unugyada ay ku jirto.
Glucose - sonkor fudud, oo loo isticmaalo ilaha tamarta. Isbeddelka qaddarkiisa dhiigga ayaa ugu horreyn tilmaamaya xaaladda dheef-shiid kiimikaad. La'aanta inta badan waxay la xiriirin doontaa qaadashada ku filan (inta lagu jiro gaajada) ama luminta (sunta, daroogooyinka). Korodhka ayaa tilmaamaya cudurro halis ah sida sonkorowga, kelyaha oo hawlgab, iwm.
Creatinine waa badeeco burburisa borotiinka. Waxa ka soo baxa kelyaha, markaa haddii ay shaqadoodu khalkhal gasho way kordhi doontaa. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa lagu kordhin karaa fuuqbaxa, dhaawacyada, gaajo la'aanta ka hor baaritaanka dhiigga.
Urea waa sheyga ugu dambeeya ee burburka borotiinka. Urea waxa ay ku samaysmatay beerka waxana ka soo saara kelyaha. Kordhinta jabka xubnahan. Hoos u dhac ku yimaada beerka.
Phosphatase Alkaline - enzyme ka kooban unugyada beerka, kelyaha, xiidmaha, beeryarada, mandheerta, lafaha. Cudurada xameetida, fosfatase alkaline ku dhawaad ββhad iyo jeer wuu kacaa. Laakiin sidoo kale waa la kordhin karaa inta lagu jiro uurka, enteropathy, cudurada afka afka, inta lagu jiro xilliga koritaanka.
Hababka cabbirrada dhiigga
Falanqaynta guud
Shaxda si ay u qeexdo caadooyinka tilmaamayaasha baaritaanka dhiigga guud ee eeyaha
| Index | Eeyga qaangaarka ah, caadi | Puppy, caadi |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 120-180 | 90-120 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 35-55 | 29-48 |
| Erythrocytes (milyan/Β΅l) | 5.5-8.5 | 3.6-7.4 |
| Leukocytes (kun/Β΅l) | 5.5-16 | 5.5-16 |
| Mindi neutrophils (%) | 0-3 | 0-3 |
| Neutrophils kala qaybsan (%) | 60-70 | 60-70 |
| Monocytes (%) | 3-10 | 3-10 |
| Lymphocytes (%) | 12-30 | 12-30 |
| Platelets (kun/Β΅l) | 140-480 | 140-480 |
In falanqaynta biochemical
Caadooyinka tilmaamayaasha baaritaanka dhiigga biochemical ee eeyaha
| Index | Eeyga qaangaarka ah, caadi | Puppy, caadi |
| Albumin (g/L) | 25-40 | 15-40 |
| DAHAB (cutubyo/l) | 10-65 | 10-45 |
| AST (cutubyo/l) | 10-50 | 10-23 |
| Alpha-amylase (cutubyo/l) | 350-2000 | 350-2000 |
| Bilirubin toos ah Wadarta bilirubin (ΞΌmol/L) | ||
| GGT (cutubyo/l) | ||
| Gulukoos (mmol/l) | 4.3-6.6 | 2.8-12 |
| Urea (mmol/l) | 3-9 | 3-9 |
| Creatinine (ΞΌmol/L) | 33-136 | 33-136 |
| Fosfatase alkaline (u/l) | 10-80 | 70-520 |
| Calcium (mmol/l) | 2.25-2.7 | 2.1-3.4 |
| Fosfooraska (mmol/l) | 1.01-1.96 | 1.2-3.6 |
Kala leexashada tirooyinka dhiigga
Falanqaynta guud
Go'aaminta baaritaanka dhiigga ee eeyaha
| Index | Ka sarreeya heerka caadiga ah | Hoosta caadiga ah |
| Haemoglobin Hematocrit Erythrocytes | fuuqbax Hypoxia (cudurada sambabada, wadnaha) Burooyinka BMC | Dhiig-yarida cudurrada joogtada ah Cudurka kelyaha ee joogtada ah Dhiigbaxa Hemolysis Yaraanta Birta Cudurada dhuuxa lafta Soonka dheer |
| leukocytes | Caabuqyada (bakteeriya, fayras) cunto dhawaan Uurka Habka bararka guud | Caabuqyada (tusaale, parvovirus enteritis) Immunosuppression Cudurada dhuuxa lafta Dhiigbaxa |
| Neutrophils waa mindi | caabuq ba'an Caabuqa ba'an | - |
| Neutrophils waa la kala qaybiyay | Cudurka daba-dheeraada caabuq dabadheeraad ah | Cudurada KCM Dhiigbaxa Qaar ka mid ah caabuqyada |
| Monocytes | Caabuqa Iskuulada Boogaha | Cudurada KCM dhiig bax Immunosuppression |
| Liifka | Infections Burooyinka (ay ku jirto lymphoma) | Cudurada KCM dhiig bax Immunosuppression Caabuqyada fayraska |
| Balaastikada | Dhiig lumin/dhaawac dhawaanahan Cudurada KCM fuuqbax | Dhiigbaxa Walxaha hemolytic (sunta, daawooyinka qaarkood) Cudurada KCM Ku xadgudubka falanqaynta ka hor |
Falanqaynta biochemical
Go'aaminta baaritaanka dhiigga biochemical ee eeyaha
| Index | Ka sarreeya heerka caadiga ah | Hoosta caadiga ah |
| albameen | fuuqbax | Beerka beerka Enteropathy ama nephropathy-luminaya borotiinka Infections Nabaro maqaarka ah oo ballaaran (pyoderma, atopy, canbaar) Qaadashada borotiinka oo aan ku filnayn Dhiigbax/ barar Dhiigbaxa |
| ALT | Atrophy beerka La'aanta Pyridoxine | Cagaarshow (neoplasia, cagaarshow, lipidosis beerka, iwm.) Hypoxia Sunta xanuunka loo yaqaan 'pancreatitis' dhaawacyada |
| AST | Atrophy beerka La'aanta Pyridoxine | Cagaarshow Sumaynta/sakhraannimada Isticmaalka corticosteroids Hypoxia Dhaawaca Hemolysis xanuunka loo yaqaan 'pancreatitis' |
| Alfa amylase | - | fuuqbax xanuunka loo yaqaan 'pancreatitis' Keli Enteropathies / dildilaaca mindhicirka Hepatopathies Qaadashada corticosteroids |
| bilirubin | - | Hemolysis Cudurada beerka iyo xameetida |
| GGT | - | Cudurada beerka iyo xameetida |
| Glucose | Gaajo Iskuulada Sepsis Beerka beerka Uurka dambe | Diabetes Walaac/cabsi Hepatocutaneous syndrome Hyperthyroidism Iska caabbinta insulin (oo leh acromegaly, hyperadrenocorticism, iwm.) |
| HOL | Beerka beerka Luminta borotiinka Ascites Gaajo | Fuuqbaxa/hypovolemia/shoog Burns Kelyaha oo xumaada iyo dhaawaca kale ee kelyaha Sunta |
| Creatinine | Uurka Hyperthyroidism Kaadixiya | Fuuqbaxa/hypovolemia Keli Qalabka wadnaha Qaadashada borotiinka sare (hilib quudinta) |
| Fosfatase alkaline | - | Cudurada beerka iyo xameetida Daaweyn leh anticonvulsants xanuunka loo yaqaan 'pancreatitis' Da'da yar Cudurada ilkaha Cudurada lafaha (resorption, jabka) Iskuulada |
Sidee loo diyaariyaa eey habka?
Xeerka ugu muhiimsan ee ka horreeya baaritaanka dhiigga waa in loo adkaysto gaajada.
Eeyaha qaangaarka ah ee miisaankoodu ka badan yahay 10 kg, soonku waa inuu noqdaa 8-10 saacadood.
Way ku filan tahay eeyaha yaryar inay u adkeystaan ββgaajada 6-8 saacadood, ma gaajoon karaan wakhti dheer.
Carruurta da'doodu tahay ilaa 4 bilood, waxay ku filan tahay inay ilaaliyaan cunto gaajaysan 4-6 saacadood.
Biyaha ka hor falanqaynta waa in aan la xaddidin.
Sidee dhiiga loo qaadaa?
Iyadoo ku xiran xaaladda, dhakhtarku wuxuu ka qaadi karaa falanqaynta xididka hore ama qaybta dambe.
Marka hore, dalxiis dalxiis ayaa la mariyaa. Meesha cirbadda laga duray waxaa lagu daaweeyaa aalkolo, ka dibna dhiigga waxaa lagu ururiyaa tuubooyinka baaritaanka.
Habka, inkasta oo aan fiicnayn, ma aha mid aad u xanuun badan. Xayawaanku waxay u badan tahay inay ka baqaan dalxiiska marka loo eego daloolinta irbad. Hawsha milkiilayaasha xaaladdan waa inay dejiyaan xayawaanka inta ugu badan ee suurtogalka ah, la hadal isaga oo ha ka baqin naftaada, haddii eeygu uu dareemo inaad ka baqayso, wuxuu noqon doonaa mid aad u cabsi badan.
Jawaabaha su'aalaha badanaa la isweydiiyo
October 6 2021
La soo saaray: Oktoobar 7, 2021
Waxaad sidoo kale laga yaabaa in
Carrabka buluugga ah ee eeyaha
Indhaha eyga ayaa kacsan - sababta iyo sida loo daweeyo?
